MOTM - Andrey Nikolaevich Kolmogorov
Andrey Kolmogorov, who died this week in 1987, was one of the developers of probability theory. He later used this work to study the motion of the planets and the turbulent flow of air from a jet engine.
Kolmogorov was not raised by either of his parents. Yet in spite of this, he organized modern probability theory, and applied it to planetary motion and turbine air flow.
His fuller biography can be found here: https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Kolmogorov/